两次低涡天气过程的对比分析

分析了2006年6月辽宁2次冷涡天气过程。6月3日的冷涡过程为辽宁大部分地区带来了一次雷雨、冰雹等强对流性天气,云图上表现为白亮云团,雷达上有弓形回波以及辐合型气旋性环流。6月14日的冷涡过程为辽宁大部分地区带来了一次强降水天气。根据雷达速度场可以判断锋面与测站的相对位置。天气形势及预报是短期预报的主要依据,而卫星云图、雷达资料、自动站资料在灾害性天气的监测以及短时预报预警工作中发挥重要作用。     

地被月季试管苗移栽试验研究

[目的]扩大地被月季生产规模,为地被月季试管苗在园林绿化中推广使用提供理论依据。[方法]以地被月季试管苗为试材,研究不同炼苗处理及不同栽培基质对地被月季试管苗移栽成活率的影响。[结果]地被月季试管苗最佳炼苗时间为4 d;以蛭石∶珍珠岩为1∶2配比的栽培基质成活率最高,达到了96%,试管苗生长最好。[结论]蛭石∶珍珠岩为1∶2配比的移栽基质可以作为地被月季试管苗移栽基质。     

细胞渗透肽在动物医学领域的应用

随着疫苗及药物的发展,新型传递系统的研究和应用日益受到关注。细胞渗透蛋白或肽(CPPs)作为一种传递系统,具有穿过哺乳动物细胞膜的能力,且不受能量和受体的约束。细胞渗透肽已经成功地携带多肽、荧光标记蛋白、螯合剂、DNA、反义核酸、脂质体等物质,实现体内外的跨膜递送,并可导入几乎所有的组织和细胞内。细胞渗透肽作为转运载体在药物传递、治疗性分子转运和疫苗增效方面都显示了重要价值,已成为国内外相关研究的一个热点。论文对细胞渗透肽的种类和在动物医学方面的应用做了综合性的概述,以此促进细胞渗透肽能在将来的动物医学方面有更广阔的应用前景。     

山东西部连续强对流天气的多尺度资料对比分析

在常规观测资料基础上,结合NCEP再分析资料、风廓线雷达、多普勒雷达和卫星云图资料,对2016年6月13-14日山东省西部连续两次强对流天气进行分析.分析表明:(1)13日夜间对流强度较14日下午剧烈.两次强对流天气都是在高空冷涡的环流背景下产生的.高空为西北气流,低层存在暖湿平流输送,13日强对流天气由低层切变线和地面辐合线触发,14日由700 hpa弱冷空气触发.(2)强对流发生前都有一定的水汽输送和辐合,下暖湿上干冷,低层辐合,中高层辐散.0℃层高度在4000m左右,-20℃层高度在7000m附近.(3)强对流发生时雷达回波强度大于45dBZ,在1.5°仰角上雷达回波最高达60 dBZ以上,中层强回波区悬垂于低层弱回波区之上.垂直累积液态水含量(VIL)高达20 kg/m2,强回波区不断有中气旋生成.13日夜间有弓形回波,垂直累积液态水含量(VIL)高于14日.风廓线资料中强的垂直风切变和风向波动对强对流天气的发生时间有指示意义.(4)冰雹、大风等强对流天气发生在狭长的冷云区前部、对流云团前部和西南部的TBB梯度区上.     

基于修正介电常数模型的煤矿区复垦土壤压实评价

模拟复垦机械对试验区土壤进行不同程度的压实,在探地雷达获取土壤介电常数的基础上,检验并修正了4种经典复合介电常数模型,并结合野外试验对修正后的模型通用性进行了验证。结果表明,土壤介电常数与土壤压实指标(土壤紧实度、容重、孔隙率等)相关系数89%,可以表征土壤压实状况;原有复合介电常数模型虽然存在误差不能直接使用,但模型计算值与实测值相关系数0.99,修正后二者拟合误差1%;在野外试验中,基于修正后的介电常数模型反算的土壤压实指标(容重、孔隙率)与实验室测量值误差率5%,通用性较好。表明在科学布设测线以保证探地雷达准确获取土壤介电常数的前提下,可以通过修正后的复合介电常数模型对煤矿区复垦土壤压实状况进行全面客观的评价。     

基于Radarsat-2和环境星的淮河流域冬小麦估产模型比较研究

建立基于微波和光学卫星影像的农作物估产模型,可对上报作物产量准确性及估产模型精度进行相互验证.应用2014年4月中旬和5月初星载合成孔径雷达(SAR)——RADARSAT-2和同期HJ影像各两幅,选择安徽省寿县和怀远县冬小麦产区,通过试验田产量和反演的雷达影像后向散射系数,以及从环境星计算得到的归一化植被指数(NDVI),建立冬小麦线性估产模型,在此基础上对估产模型精度进行比较:通过星载SAR的同极化HH和交叉极化HV方式建立的估产模型对寿县涧沟镇冬小麦估产精度分别为68.37％和74.01％,对怀远县龙亢镇冬小麦估产精度分别为63.10％和69.10％;通过HJ星建立的估产模型对寿县涧沟镇和怀远县龙亢镇冬小麦估产精度分别为69.52％和66.43％.基于HJ星影像得到的冬小麦估产模型精度和基于SAR得到的估产模型精度接近.模型结果为上报产量准确性、冬小麦估产模型验证、参数纠正及推广奠定基础和积累经验.     

日光温室基质栽培对‘红颜’草莓品种生长发育的影响

研究了追施有机肥的基质栽培对日光温室‘红颜’草莓生长发育的影响。结果表明,基质栽培地温的日变化趋势与对照基本一致,10 cm、15 cm日平均地温与对照一致,而5 cm、20 cm处存在差异;基质栽培植株生长势比对照稍弱,主要表现在叶片数减少、叶片纵横径变小;基质栽培植株显蕾期、盛花期比对照晚3~5d,但果实始熟期和成熟期仅比对照晚1 d;基质栽培产量和果实品质与对照差异不显著。基质栽培比较接近土壤栽培,可以用于解决设施栽培中草莓的重茬问题。     

Nocturnal Migration of Coleoptera: Carabidae in North China

Vertical-looking radar （VLR） has allowed long-term automatic monitoring of the altitudinal and temporal dynamics of high- flying insect populations. To investigate whether ground beetle, insect of Coleoptera, was capable of migrating and its migration pattern by taking advantages of capability of the VLR for long-term real-time automatic monitoring, the migration of Coleoptera ground beetle was investigated by setting up radar observation points, making long-term observation using the VLR and related supplementary equipment, and analyzing low altitude air current and large area circulating current in combination with the meteorological data. Information obtained in 2005 and 2006 showed that the seasonal activities of ground beetles traps of trap lamps were mainly from late June to late August, peak period was mainly in August, seasonal traps of high-altitude lamps and ground lamps were featured by sudden increase and sudden decrease; in peak period, the height of radar echo point could be as high as 600 m, while it was mainly below the height of 450 m; night activities mainly occurred from 20：00 to 22：00, in very few nights, radar echo could last until about 04：00, changes in numbers of ground beetles within the searchlights were consistent with radar echo intensity; ground beetle images were successfully trapped in the sweep nets carried by captive balloons at the height of 200 m. Some species of Carabidaes had some degrees of migration, thus providing the foundation for investigating the migration of Coleoptera insects.     

Thinning intensity effects on carbon and nitrogen stores and fluxes in a Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stand after 33 years

The present paper deals with C and N storage in soil and vegetation, litter fall and CO₂ efflux from the soil 32–33 years after early thinning in a Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stand in order to evaluate the effect of thinning regime on C sequestration. At 22 years old, the stand was reduced from 3190 to 2070, 1100 and 820 trees per hectare in four replicates. The N2070 treatment represents the recommended start density in practical forestry, while the other represent a moderate to large reduction in tree number at the present stand age. Aboveground biomass was estimated from single tree measurements of diameter and height based on allometric functions. Litter fall was collected during one and a half years and soil respiration was measured on five occasions during one summer. Ground vegetation was mapped and sampled for biomass, C and N determination. A significant decrease in aboveground tree (including stump-root system) C storage of 27% and 22% due to thinning was found in the N820 and N1100 treatments, respectively, compared to the N2070 treatment. Ground vegetation C storage was little affected by treatment, while litter fall C showed a non-significant decrease in the N820 and N1100 treatments compared to the N2070 treatment. Soil respiration was significantly lower in parts of the summer in the N2070 treatment compared to the N820 treatment. The reason for this is still unexplained since no differences in soil temperature, soil moisture or litter fall chemistry was found between the treatments. No significant treatment effects on humus and mineral soil C storage could be detected. With the present soil variability, the time period of 32 years is probably too short to detect soil C differences due to thinning. The N storage followed the same pattern as for C.